Science programs
RKA operates a number of other programs for earth science, communication, and scientific research. Future projects include the Soyuz successor, the shuttle Kliper, scientific robotic missions to one of the Mars moons as well as an increase in Earth orbit research satellites.
1. Luna-Glob Moon orbiter with penetrators
2. Venera-D Venus lander
3. Phobos-Grunt Mars mission
Luna-Glob
IS an unmanned mission to the Moon planned by Russia including an orbiter as well as a landing module with 12 ground penetrating sensors. The largest two of them will most likely be a reuse of sensors previously built for the canceled Japanese mission LUNAR-A.
Slated to be launched in 2009 by a Soyuz-Fregate rocket, Luna-Glob will land a surface probe in South Pole-Aitken basin at the Moon's south pole, where it will search for signs of water ice. Furthermore, seismic experiments are planned, including the use of the 12 penetrators, which will slam into the lunar surface, as well as the polar lander, whereas all 13 units are equipped to detect seismic signals. These experiments are expected to help clarify the origin of Earth's moon whereas two of the penetrators are planned to land near the Apollo 11 and Apollo 12 landing sites, taking advantage of seismic data gathered there from 1969 to 1974.
Luna-Glob is based on plans dating back to 1997. Due to financial problems, however, the project was put on hold only to be revived a few years later. Initially scheduled for launch in 2012, the mission has been brought forward twice, first to 2010 and now to 2009.
Luna-Glob
Organization: Russian Federal Space Agency
Mission type: Orbiter, lander, penetrators
Satellite of : Moon
Launch date : 2009
Launch vehicle: Soyuz-Fregate rocket
The Venera-D
Probe is a proposed Russian space probe to Venus, to be launched around 2016. Venera-D's prime purpose is to make remote-sensing observations around the planet Venus in a manner similar to that of the U.S. Magellan spacecraft in the 1990s, but with the use of more powerful radar. Venera-D is also intended to map future landing sites.
Venera-D is the first Russian-built probe to Venus (all past "Venera" probes were launched by the former Soviet Union). Venera-D will serve as the flagship for a new generation of Russian-built Venus probes, culminating with a lander capable of withstanding the harsh Venusian environment for more than the 1½ hours logged by the Soviet-era probes. In order to keep research and development costs down, the new Venera-D probe will most likely resemble the Soviet-era probes, but will rely on new technologies developed by Russia since its last Venus missions (Vega 1 and Vega 2 in 1985). Venera-D will most likely be launched on the venerable Proton booster, but may be designed to be launched on the more powerful Angara rocket instead.
Venera-D will follow on the coat-tails of the Phobos-Grunt mission, the first Russian Mars mission since the 1990s.
Venera-D
Organization : Russian Federal Space Agency
Mission type : Orbiter
Satellite of : Venus
Launch date: 2016
Launch vehicle: Proton or Angara rocket
Phobos-Grunt
Is a planned Russian sample return mission to Phobos one of the moons of Mars. It will be the first Russian interplanetary mission since the failed Mars 96 mission.
Phobos-Grunt
Organization: Russian Federal Space Agency
Mission type: Orbiter, lander, sample return
Flyby of : Phobos
Satellite of: Mars
Launch date : October 2009
Launch vehicle : Zenit rocket
Mission duration : 2012
Mass : 11100.00 kg with fuel
source: wikipedia
RKA operates a number of other programs for earth science, communication, and scientific research. Future projects include the Soyuz successor, the shuttle Kliper, scientific robotic missions to one of the Mars moons as well as an increase in Earth orbit research satellites.
1. Luna-Glob Moon orbiter with penetrators
2. Venera-D Venus lander
3. Phobos-Grunt Mars mission
Luna-Glob
IS an unmanned mission to the Moon planned by Russia including an orbiter as well as a landing module with 12 ground penetrating sensors. The largest two of them will most likely be a reuse of sensors previously built for the canceled Japanese mission LUNAR-A.
Slated to be launched in 2009 by a Soyuz-Fregate rocket, Luna-Glob will land a surface probe in South Pole-Aitken basin at the Moon's south pole, where it will search for signs of water ice. Furthermore, seismic experiments are planned, including the use of the 12 penetrators, which will slam into the lunar surface, as well as the polar lander, whereas all 13 units are equipped to detect seismic signals. These experiments are expected to help clarify the origin of Earth's moon whereas two of the penetrators are planned to land near the Apollo 11 and Apollo 12 landing sites, taking advantage of seismic data gathered there from 1969 to 1974.
Luna-Glob is based on plans dating back to 1997. Due to financial problems, however, the project was put on hold only to be revived a few years later. Initially scheduled for launch in 2012, the mission has been brought forward twice, first to 2010 and now to 2009.
Luna-Glob
Organization: Russian Federal Space Agency
Mission type: Orbiter, lander, penetrators
Satellite of : Moon
Launch date : 2009
Launch vehicle: Soyuz-Fregate rocket
The Venera-D
Probe is a proposed Russian space probe to Venus, to be launched around 2016. Venera-D's prime purpose is to make remote-sensing observations around the planet Venus in a manner similar to that of the U.S. Magellan spacecraft in the 1990s, but with the use of more powerful radar. Venera-D is also intended to map future landing sites.
Venera-D is the first Russian-built probe to Venus (all past "Venera" probes were launched by the former Soviet Union). Venera-D will serve as the flagship for a new generation of Russian-built Venus probes, culminating with a lander capable of withstanding the harsh Venusian environment for more than the 1½ hours logged by the Soviet-era probes. In order to keep research and development costs down, the new Venera-D probe will most likely resemble the Soviet-era probes, but will rely on new technologies developed by Russia since its last Venus missions (Vega 1 and Vega 2 in 1985). Venera-D will most likely be launched on the venerable Proton booster, but may be designed to be launched on the more powerful Angara rocket instead.
Venera-D will follow on the coat-tails of the Phobos-Grunt mission, the first Russian Mars mission since the 1990s.
Venera-D
Organization : Russian Federal Space Agency
Mission type : Orbiter
Satellite of : Venus
Launch date: 2016
Launch vehicle: Proton or Angara rocket
Phobos-Grunt
Is a planned Russian sample return mission to Phobos one of the moons of Mars. It will be the first Russian interplanetary mission since the failed Mars 96 mission.
Phobos-Grunt
Organization: Russian Federal Space Agency
Mission type: Orbiter, lander, sample return
Flyby of : Phobos
Satellite of: Mars
Launch date : October 2009
Launch vehicle : Zenit rocket
Mission duration : 2012
Mass : 11100.00 kg with fuel
source: wikipedia
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